The study's objective was to examine how public and private dental institutions' top administrators felt about the education of orthodontic dentists as well as the claims, grievances, and lawsuits fi led by patients who were unhappy with the orthodontic treatment they received from these institutions' practitioners.

We discovered that complaints and claims against orthodontic care are uncommon in the practice of dental institutions and clinics, and that 85.7% of them may be peacefully handled at the medical institution. In response to complaints and claims, public institutions conduct an expert review of the quality of medical care. Despite their mandated character, such approaches are not observed in the assessed institutions' private clinics. Expert evaluation of the quality of orthodontic care can improve compliance with examination and treatment standards and detect incidents of noncompliance. It is still critical for orthodontic dentists to have primary medical records. 

In scientific literature, there is a strong correlation between the development of the craniofacial region and the upper airways (UA). Distal occlusion and other forms of malocclusion are risk factors for the onset of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, according to contemporary theories. By estimating aerodynamic flow characteristics in the UA, such as regional flow velocity, pressure, and turbulent kinetic energy profiles, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) enables understanding of how the shape of the UA effects their function. With the use of 63 CBCT scans of adult patients with normal, distal, and mesial sagittal malocclusions, we were able to generate numerical meshes for CFD calculations using the ANSYS Fluent program. We have discovered that the maximum velocity and pressure decrease, which are typical of OSAS patients, occur in individuals with distal occlusion and extended head posture. 

The study provides information from a patient who had a complex diagnosis of the stomatognathic system in addition to internal TMJ issues and a skeletal type of distal occlusion. With the author's methods of data interpretation, it is shown how ultrasound diagnostics may be used to evaluate the morphofunctional status of the TMJ. By imaging the TMJ's bone and soft tissue components in a manner comparable to CBCT and MRI, the data collected enable researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of the joint. They can also analyze the movement of the articular head using a graphic representation of the articular route similar to axiography. 

The study provides information from a patient who had a complex diagnosis of the stomatognathic system in addition to internal TMJ issues and a skeletal type of distal occlusion. With the author's methods of data interpretation, it is shown how ultrasound diagnostics may be used to evaluate the morphofunctional status of the TMJ. By imaging the TMJ's bone and soft tissue components in a manner comparable to CBCT and MRI, the data collected enable researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of the joint. They can also analyze the movement of the articular head using a graphic representation of the articular route similar to axiography. 

To increase the quality of orthodontic diagnosis, A.M. Schwartz's face types were researched using a modifi ed version of Y.M. Malygin's technique. The collected data in the mesial occlusion are compared to the norm data. In general, Schwarz's prediction that the dimensions of the face and inclination angles will remain stable within 85° is confi rmed. However, the spread of these values in our material was wider, with an average of 8513,74°; however, this has no effect on the classifi cation of face types in mesial occlusion.

Out of the nine face types, medium face types (4,5,6) had the highest rate of orthognathic occlusion (52.38%). And with a mesial blockage, the posterior kinds of the face (43.1%) play this duty (7,8,9), indicating that there is a dento-alveolar type of pathology. Regardless of the position of the upper jaw in the facial space, there is a tendency to retroinclination of the gnathic section of the facial part of the skull (3,6,9 types - 24.14%) with mesial occlusion; this is more than fi ve times normal. This fact implies forward and upward rotation of the gnathic portion, which can result in forward and to the side displacement of the lower jaw in the case of a mesial occlusion. 

Malocclusions are diffi cult to treat and necessitate close coordination between specialists as well as in the doctor-patient relationship system. The degree of agreement between the patient's objective condition and his or her subjective impression of it will determine how well the patient will accept the complex treatment's results. An algorithm based on machine learning technology was developed that can predict the patient satisfaction level with the outcome of diffi cult rehabilitation. The algorithm was developed using retrospective data refl ecting patients' objective need and subjective demand before and after treatment of malocclusions. 

The study's goal is to enhance the multidisciplinary approach to diagnosing and treating people who have craniofacial myrcosomy syndrome with aplasia of the mandibular branch. Early diagnosis, step-by-step combined treatment (orthodontic and surgical), and prevention of secondary deformities all contribute to the improvement of patients with craniofacial microsomy's quality of life. They also shorten the time required for orthognathic surgery and boost the effi cacy of the outcomes. 

Children with dentoalveolar malformations exhibit symptoms of diseases at an early stage of development, which establishes the need for early orthodontic treatment. Early intervention enables the dentoalveolar system's physiological development during a child's growth process prior to the manifestation of complicated compounded abnormalities. The authors' goal was to investigate the long-term effects of early orthodontic treatment for kids between the ages of 6 and 9.