The purpose of the study: to study the level of communication skills of dentists on the basis of the Arkhangelsk region State Medical Institution "Arkhangelsk Children's Dental Clinic".

Materials and methods: the cross-sectional study involved 336 patients who applied for dental care in the Arkhangelsk region "Arkhangelsk Children's Dental Polyclinic". Satisfaction was studied across 10 domains using a questionnaire. A validated questionnaire was used as a questionnaire.

Results:In the course of the study, 112 patients were surveyed in each specialty: pediatric dental therapists, pediatric dental surgeons, orthodontists. Patients were randomly selected. We interviewed patients who came both for the initial appointment and for a second examination.

A good level of satisfaction was found among all medical specialties that were involved in the survey. Patients who visited the surgical dentistry offi ce were less satisfi ed with the communication skills of their attending doctors. The highest rating was given by patients who applied for an appointment with dental therapists. Patients of orthodontists gave an average assessment of communication skills.

Conclusion: The patient's assessment of the doctor's satisfaction is an important indicator that needs to be studied to determine the ways of developing specialists and providing high–quality dental care to the population.

Teeth size is a major factor in the diagnosis of patients with maxillofacial abnormalities and in the planning of orthodontic treatment. In actuality, every patient receives the identical ratios of various parameters. This study compares the average tooth and dentition parameter values and their ratios in men and women from various ethnic backgrounds.

Several indices, including the Bolton and Tonn indexes, are utilized in the anthropometry of teeth and dentition for diagnosing individuals with maxillofacial anomalies. Only a small percentage of patients – including those who have had orthodontic treatment – have had these indices computed. Because of this, it is thought that the ratios of the total teeth sizes should precisely match the specified ratio. We demonstrate that these ratios can vary significantly more for patients with normal occlusion than they have for prior research. Moreover, there is a minor difference between the men's and women's indexes. As a result, intervals that fall within which the index can be regarded as normal are suggested to replace the single value for the indexes.

Age and temporal variables directly affect the condition of the tooth's occlusal surface, which then adapts and evolves in a variety of ways. The anatomical features of the undamaged tooth must be taken into consideration when restoring occlusion, which was initially the occlusal surface of each tooth. Establishing the parameters for defi ning the tooth's occlusal surface is a cutting-edge, inventive, and successful way to diagnose and treat patients.

Trigeminal nerve link innervation and internuclear connections, which enable nerve impulse migration from one system to another, are involved in musculoskeletal dysfunction of the TMJ. Examining the neurophysiological aspects of dysfunctions both before and after orthodontic treatment was the study's goal.

The study included 82 people: 20 with physiological occlusion and 62 with distal occlusion of the teeth. An examination of the amplitude-time parameters of the main components of trigeminal somatic evoked potentials in patients with physiological occlusion and patients with distal occlusion and TMJ dysfunction revealed a significant reduction in the latency period for the components of the first two peaks of TSVP during left and right stimulation. Shortening of the latencies of these two TSVP peaks shows greater excitability of the trigeminal nerve's somatosensory system in its afferent component in TMJ dysfunction.

In the group of patients with TMJ dysfunction and distal occlusion before and after orthodontic treatment, as well as in comparison to the group of patients with physiological occlusion, a correlation was established between the severity of pain and the parameters of TMJ dysfunction obtained on the BioJVA device. According to computer electrovibrography data, significant correlation coefficients were obtained between the average index for all areas of VASh and the indicator of the "High Integral/Low Integral" ratio in the frequency aspect before and after splint therapy treatment. Patients with distal occlusion benefit from wearing a splint for 1.5 months in seven areas of pain assessment. The subjective and objective evaluation of auditory abnormalities, as well as statistically significant changes in individual components of acoustic stem evoked potentials, are changing.

One of the most prevalent dental malformations in preschoolers and primary school-aged children is a narrow upper jaw. Nasal breathing disorder syndrome is currently common at this age range. An interdisciplinary approach is necessary for this problem's diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the research is to determine whether children's nasal breathing is hampered by a narrow upper jaw. Our data showed that the patency of the airways is impacted by the small upper jaw and vice versa. For this reason, diagnosing and treating individuals with this kind of abnormality requires a multidisciplinary approach.

The tongue affects the growth and development of the structures of the maxillofacial region. Cone–beam computed tomography allows you to clarify the position and size of the tongue relative to other facial structures. In patients with sagittal malocclusion, the tongue, at rest and in the usual position of the lower jaw, completely fi lls the 50% of cases with distal occlusion and in 23% of cases with mesial occlusion. If the oral cavity is not fully fi lled with the tongue, the air space is determined, the size and localization of which also differ. Тhe purpose of the studyimproving methods for diagnosing malocclusion.

Class II division 1 malocclusions are seen in 24-49% of orthodontic patients [1]. Among removable plastic functional appliances for Class II malocclusion correction in growing patients, the Twin Block has recently become the most popular and commonly utilized. A clinical case report was used to investigate the effi cacy of consistent usage of Twin Block appliances in treating skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion with severe overjet in growing patients. This case report describes a 13-year-old growing child with skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion and a 10.4-mm overjet.

The recommended strategy, which entailed the regular use of Twin Block appliances, yielded positive results. The orthodontic treatment lasted 29 months. At the end of treatment, a Class I molar connection was attained.

Diabetes creates systemic metabolic problems that damage oral tissues. In this regard, it is vital to identify methods to eliminate the disease's negative repercussions in order to enhance the condition of the oral cavity tissues. The goal of this study is to minimize oral infl ammatory processes and appetite in patients with type II diabetes and obesity following bariatric surgery. Materials and procedures. The study included 197 type II diabetic patients divided into two groups: 132 with type II diabetes and 65 with type II diabetes after bariatric surgery. It was recommended to all participants to swish an oral hygiene solution containing 0.25% curcurmin and 0.05% catechins for 20 to 30 seconds twice a day, in the morning and evening. Patient questionnaires both before and after usage, as well as a visual inspection of the oral mucosa, were used to assess the hygiene product's effectiveness on oral tissue. Conclusions. Patients with type II diabetes demonstrated a signifi cant reduction in dryness, hyperemia, edema, and ulcers of the oral mucosa by 70%, 83%, 96%, and 61% a month after applying the hygiene product containing cucurmin and catechins, and in patients with type II diabetes following bariatric surgery by 36.4%, 27.3%, 59%, and 54%, respectively. In the type II diabetic group, hyperemia, edema, and marginal gum hemorrhage fell by 79.7 percent, 82.7 percent, and 73.9%, respectively, whereas in the group following bariatric surgery, they decreased by 45.7%, 50.7%, and 73.3%. In the fi rst group, cheilitis, mouth dryness, and halitosis fell by 69.9%, 61.1%, and 43.5%, while in the second group, the corresponding decreases were 72.7%, 32.7%, and 27.3%. It was discovered that there is a correlation between the levels of proline and lysine in saliva and the existence of metabolic diseases, particularly type II diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion. It has been demonstrated that people with type II diabetes mellitus can improve their mucosal and gingival tissue conditions by using an oral hygiene product that contains cucurmin and catechins. Nevertheless, tissue healing following bariatric surgery is slower, necessitating a customized approach to these patients' care.