Clinical characteristics in the craniofacial area among children varying with the extent of perinatal dysontogenesis

Dentists have recently expressed an increased interest in studying the impact of risk factors during a child's prenatal development on the establishment of the dental system. The goal is to determine the aspects of the maxillofacial region's state based on the severity of perinatal dysontogenesis, using data from a study on the frequency of detection of dental and functional abnormalities in children with cerebral paralysis. Material and methods. TThe study comprised 45 children with disabilities, including spastic types of cerebral paralysis, dental deformities, and myofunctional problems in the craniofacial region. Their average age was 8.7 years ± 1.2 years. Hemiplegic paralysis patients were shown to have a higher percentage of children with orthognathic occlusion (50.0% of instances) and a less burdened perinatal period of development. This developmental stage is more taxing for patients with both double hemiplegia and spastic diplegia. Children with "Double hemiplegia" had the highest percentage of dental pathology, with a preponderance of combined dental malformations, in 50.0% of cases.Children with speech disorders were found to have the most severe dental pathology, specifically combined dental anomalies, which were diagnosed in 75.0% of children with anarthria (r = 0,85; p < 0,05) and occlusion anomalies in 31.3% of cases with a spastic-paretic form of pseudobulbar dysarthria (r = 0,4; p < 0,05). Additionally, 23.5% of children whose speech development matched their age had neutral occlusion (r = 0,4; p < 0,006). A qualitatively novel method of organizing dental treatment within the system of comprehensive rehabilitation for children with a burdened prenatal history is therefore necessary in light of everything mentioned above.

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