Analysis of joint vibration in the diagnosis of initial forms of tmj dysfunction, parameters, neurophysiological indicators, and assessment of somatosensor disorders

Abstract

Trigeminal nerve link innervation and internuclear connections, which enable nerve impulse migration from one system to another, are involved in musculoskeletal dysfunction of the TMJ. Examining the neurophysiological aspects of dysfunctions both before and after orthodontic treatment was the study's goal.

The study included 82 people: 20 with physiological occlusion and 62 with distal occlusion of the teeth. An examination of the amplitude-time parameters of the main components of trigeminal somatic evoked potentials in patients with physiological occlusion and patients with distal occlusion and TMJ dysfunction revealed a significant reduction in the latency period for the components of the first two peaks of TSVP during left and right stimulation. Shortening of the latencies of these two TSVP peaks shows greater excitability of the trigeminal nerve's somatosensory system in its afferent component in TMJ dysfunction.

In the group of patients with TMJ dysfunction and distal occlusion before and after orthodontic treatment, as well as in comparison to the group of patients with physiological occlusion, a correlation was established between the severity of pain and the parameters of TMJ dysfunction obtained on the BioJVA device. According to computer electrovibrography data, significant correlation coefficients were obtained between the average index for all areas of VASh and the indicator of the "High Integral/Low Integral" ratio in the frequency aspect before and after splint therapy treatment. Patients with distal occlusion benefit from wearing a splint for 1.5 months in seven areas of pain assessment. The subjective and objective evaluation of auditory abnormalities, as well as statistically significant changes in individual components of acoustic stem evoked potentials, are changing.