Effects on the cytokine profi le of oral fl uid in orthodontic practice

Abstract

   The article describes a study involving the dynamic observation of 20 patients with distal occlusion undergoing orthodontic treatment combined with low-level laser therapy. Oral fluid samples were collected in the morning under fasting conditions. The concentrations of interleukins (IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using commercial Vector-Best test systems at the following observation intervals: before treatment, at day 21, and at the third and fourth months. Analysis of the interleukin concentration dynamics revealed multidirectional shifts within the reference ranges. A statistically signifi cant decrease was observed by the fourth month for IL-6 (from 6.39 ± 0.87 to 4.81 ± 0.69 pg/ml) and IL-8 (from 89.77 ± 9.63 to 50.22 ± 9.98 pg/ml). A similar trend was identified for IL-4 and IL-10. At all control intervals, the indicators remained within physiological norms. The data obtained indicate the absence of a chronic infl ammatory reaction in response to low-level laser radiation during orthodontic treatment; this is confi rmed by cytokine level fluctuations within the reference values and a tendency toward decreased concentrations of pro-infl ammatory interleukins during the later observation periods.

   The aim of the study is to evaluate the nature of the oral infl ammatory reaction in response to low-level laser exposure during orthodontic treatment by analyzing the concentration dynamics of key proinflammatory (IL-6, IL-8) and anti-infl ammatory (IL-4, IL-10) interleukins in the oral fluid.